Romania: mandatory B2B and B2C e-invoicing
B2C e-invoicing will be mandatory starting January 1, 2025.
The Romanian Ministry of Finance has approved legislation requiring invoices issued in the B2C sector to be sent through the RO e-Factura system.
B2B e-Invoicing in Romania
The law requires the mandatory issuance and reception of electronic invoices through the RO E-Invoice system, the centralized e-Invoicing platform.
For the issuance of invoices, the law stipulates that it will be mandatory for all companies starting from January 1, 2024, although a grace period until May 31st, 2024, has been defined for companies that do not comply with the regulations. At the end of the grace period, fines ranging from 5,000 to 10,000 RON (approximately 1,000-2,000 EUR) can be imposed on large taxpayers, from 2,500 to 5,000 RON (500-1,000 EUR) for medium taxpayers and from 1,000 RON to 2,500 RON (200-500 EUR) for small taxpayers, who fail to fulfill their obligation to issue electronic invoices through the RO E-Invoice system.
Regarding the reception of invoices, starting from July 2024, the only valid format will be electronic, and sanctions can be applied to both the sender and the receiver.
Romania obtained EC authorization to apply a derogation from Articles 178, 218, and 232 of the VAT Directive 2006/112/EC. The authorization has a term of 3 years (January 2024 - December 2026) or until the EU decides to adopt the ViDA proposal.
Government ordinance 120/2021 establishes the basis and operational framework for the national e-Invoicing system. And government ordinance 130 published on 12/17/2021 already introduced mandatory issuance as of July 2022 for companies whose activity is linked to product categories considered high tax risk (susceptible to tax evasion). These categories are defined in ANAF 12/2022 ordinance published on January 6th, 2022. Fruit and vegetables, alcohol, construction, mineral products, and clothing and footwear, are among the categories of companies considered susceptible to tax evasion.
B2C e-Invoicing in Romania
The business-to-consumer (B2C) e-invoice will be mandatory in Romania. B2C transactions are defined as those occurring between a taxable entity established in Romania and final consumers. Like B2B invoices, those transactions must be sent to the national platform RO-e-Invoice.
The implementation timeline is as follows:
- July 1, 2024: Companies can begin using the RO e-Factura system for B2C transactions.
- January 1, 2025: Mandatory adoption of the RO e-Factura system for all companies issuing consumer invoices.
Webinar e-Invoicing in Romania: RO e-Factura Platform: Check out how the platform works and how we can help you with your electronic invoice project in Romania.
Watch also in Romanian.
How does the RO e-Factura platform work?
The RO e-Factura platform has been available since November 2021 for both the exchange of invoices with public administrations (B2G) and between private companies (B2B). Recipients will have 60 days to download their invoices.
Both the issuer and the receiver of the invoices must be registered on the RO e-Factura platform.
Invoices must be generated in a predefined XML format in accordance with the RO_CIUS standard.
The maximum term for submitting electronic invoices in the RO e-Factura system will be 5 working days from the issuance of the invoice.
After transmitting the invoice electronically the platform will assign an identification number to the invoice. The system will perform several validations on the documents, both syntactic and semantic.
Once validated, the system will generate an automatic response and, if the validation is correct, the signature of the Ministry of Finance will be applied. This guarantees that no changes have been made to the content of the invoice.
Both issuers and recipients must store electronic invoices for at least 10 years.
In the case of companies that must issue mandatory electronic invoices from July 2022, the receivers do not have to be registered. These issuers must make the invoices available to the recipients in accordance with the provisions of Article 319 of Law 227/2015 of the Tax Code. Learn about our Business@Mail solution and optimize your electronic document sending operations.
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B2G e-Invoicing in Romania
Electronic invoicing for B2G transactions became mandatory in Romania on July 1, 2022, according to Law 139/2022 (May 17, 2022). Therefore, all transactions with Romanian public bodies must issue electronic invoices through the national invoicing system, RO e-Factura, in UBL 2.1 format.
VAT Reporting via SAF-T in Romania
Since 2022 all Romanian companies and all foreign companies registered in Romania for VAT purposes must report their tax and accounting information in SAF-T format.
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